Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
This is incredibly common, affecting roughly 30-40% of cats over the age of ten. The kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste from the blood.
Warning Signs to Watch For:
CKD can be managed with early intervention. Regular blood work (especially for cats over seven) can catch it before symptoms develop.
Dental Disease
By age three, roughly 70% of cats show signs of dental disease. That stinky breath is often a red flag for serious problems.
What You'll Notice:
- Bad breath (truly foul odor)
- Difficulty eating or dropping food
- Drooling, sometimes with blood
- Pawing at the mouth
- Red, swollen gums
Daily tooth brushing is ideal. Most cats need professional dental cleanings under anesthesia every few years.
Find Cat Dental Care Products →Urinary Tract Issues (FLUTD)
Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease covers several conditions. Male cats are particularly vulnerable to life-threatening blockages.
Common Symptoms:
- Frequent trips to the litter box with small amounts of urine
- Blood in urine
- Urinating outside the litter box
- Excessive licking of the genital area
- Crying during urination
Diabetes Mellitus
Cats can develop diabetes, and it's becoming more common as obesity rates rise. Classic signs: increased thirst, increased urination, increased appetite but with weight loss.
Treatment involves insulin injections, dietary changes, and regular monitoring. Some cats even go into remission with proper management.
Hyperthyroidism
The most common hormonal disorder in cats, typically affecting those over ten years old. The thyroid gland goes into overdrive.
Classic Presentation:
- Ravenous appetite but losing weight
- Hyperactivity or restlessness
- Increased thirst and urination
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Poor coat quality
- Rapid heart rate
Diagnosis is simple: a blood test. Treatment options include medication, radioactive iodine therapy, surgery, or prescription food.
Upper Respiratory Infections
The cat equivalent of a cold. These infections are incredibly contagious among cats.
Symptoms Include:
- Sneezing and nasal discharge
- Runny, crusty eyes
- Fever and lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Coughing or difficulty breathing in severe cases
Treatment focuses on keeping your cat comfortable and eating. Warm up their food, use a humidifier, and gently clean their eyes and nose.
Obesity
Over 50% of cats in developed countries are overweight or obese. This predisposes cats to diabetes, arthritis, fatty liver disease, and urinary problems.
Parasites: Fleas, Ticks, and Worms
Even indoor cats can get parasites. Year-round prevention is crucial, even for indoor cats.
Find Flea Prevention Products →Arthritis and Joint Disease
Studies show that up to 90% of cats over twelve have arthritis on X-rays. Cats hide their pain incredibly well.
Look For These Changes:
- Reluctance to jump up or down
- Decreased grooming or matted fur
- Litter box accidents
- Less playfulness
- Changes in temperament
The Bottom Line on Cat Health
The single most important thing you can do is pay attention. You know your cat better than anyone; trust your instincts when something seems off.
Regular veterinary care is non-negotiable. Annual wellness exams (twice yearly for seniors) catch problems early when they're most treatable.
With awareness, prevention, and prompt treatment, most of these conditions can be managed successfully. Your cat depends on you to advocate for their health.